This human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit is a ready-to-use 4.5-hour solid phase immunoassay capable of measuring IL-10 levels in serum, plasma, cell culture supernatant, and other biological fluids in the range of 0 to 1600 pg/mL. This human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit has shown no cross-reactivity with other cytokines tested, and is expected to be used effectively for further investigations into the relationship between IL-10 and the various conditions mentioned. In order to measure the concentration of IL-10 within the samples, this human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit includes two calibration diluents (Calibrator Diluent I for serum/plasma testing and Calibrator Diluent II for cell culture supernatant testing.) According to this human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit, the standard provided is diluted (2-fold) with the appropriate Calibrator Diluent and assayed at the same time as the samples. This allows the operator to produce a standard curve of Optical Density (O.D) versus IL-10 concentration (pg/mL). The concentration of IL-10 in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve. The microtiter plate provided in this human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit has been pre-coated with a monoclonal antibody specific to IL-10. Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated polyclonal antibody preparation specific for IL-10 and incubated. IL-10 if present, will bind and become immobilized by the antibody pre-coated on the wells and then will become “sandwiched” by biotin conjugate. The microtiter plate wells of this human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit are thoroughly washed to remove unbound IL-10 and other components of the sample. In order to quantitatively determine the amount of IL-10 present in the sample, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. Avidin is a tetramer containing four identical subunits, each having a high affinity-binding site for biotin. The wells are thoroughly washed to remove all unbound HRP-conjugated Avidin and a TMB (3,3'5, 5' tetramethyl-benzidine) substrate solution is added to each well. The enzyme (HRP) and substrate are allowed to react over a short incubation period. Only those wells that contain IL-10, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of a sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm.

Interleukin-10 (IL-10), also known as human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. The IL-10 protein is a homodimer . Each subunit is 178 amino acids long. In humans, the IL-10 gene is located in chromosome 1 and consists of 5 exons. It is capable of inhibiting synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines like Interferon-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNFα and GM-CSF made by cells such as macrophages and the Type 1 T helper cells.

This human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit is to be used for the in vitro quantitative determination of human interleukin 10 (IL-10) concentrations in serum, plasma, cell culture supernatant, and other biological fluids. This human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit is calibrated against natural human IL-10. (NIBSC / WHO First International Standard 92/516). This human Interleukin 10 ELISA kit is intended FOR LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY and is not to be used in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

IL-10 also displays potent abilities to suppress the antigen presentation capactiy of antigen presenting cells. However, it is also stimulatory towards certain T cells, mast cells and B cells. It is mainly expressed in monocytes and Type 2 T helper cells (T_H2), mast cells and also in a certain subset of activated T cells and B cells. It is released by cytotoxic T-cells to inhibit the actions of NK cells during the immune response to viral infection.